This book provides a comprehensive review of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents, examining the intricate mechanisms by which bacteria evade antibiotics, biocides, and heavy metals. It elucidates both intrinsic and acquired resistance strategies—including efflux pump activation, enzymatic inactivation, biofilm formation, and target modifications—and explores the environmental and anthropogenic factors that drive the spread of resistance. Emphasizing the interconnected "One Health" approach, the text integrates clinical, molecular, and ecological perspectives to offer valuable insights into the evolution of multidrug-resistant pathogens. It highlights emerging strategies for antimicrobial stewardship and novel therapeutic interventions, making it an essential resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers committed to combating antimicrobial resistance.Commander
